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Registros recuperados: 18
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A New Paradigm for Adaptive Management Ecology and Society
Felton, Adam; Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; adam.felton@slu.se; Rosvall, Ola; Rosvall Forest Consulting AB; Ola.rosvall@gmail.com.
Uncertainty is a pervasive feature in natural resource management. Adaptive management, an approach that focuses on identifying critical uncertainties to be reduced via diagnostic management experiments, is one favored approach for tackling this reality. While adaptive management is identified as a key method in the environmental management toolbox, there remains a lack of clarity over when its use is appropriate or feasible. Its implementation is often viewed as suitable only in a limited set of circumstances. Here we restructure some of the ideas supporting this view, and show why much of the pessimism around AM may be unwarranted. We present a new framework for deciding when AM is appropriate, feasible, and subsequently successful. We thus present a new...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight Palavras-chave: Experimental management; Experimentation; Management; Natural resource; Participation; Stakeholder; Uncertainty.
Ano: 2013
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Adaptive Water Governance: Assessing the Institutional Prescriptions of Adaptive (Co-)Management from a Governance Perspective and Defining a Research Agenda Ecology and Society
Huitema, Dave; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam - Institute for Environmental Studies; dave.huitema@ivm.vu.nl; Mostert, Erik; Delft University of Technology - Centre for River Basin Administration; E.Mostert@TUDelft.NL; Egas, Wouter; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam - Institute for Environmental Studies; wouter.egas@ivm.vu.nl; Yalcin, Resul; University of Bonn - Center for Development Research; ryalcin@uni-bonn.de.
This article assesses the institutional prescriptions of adaptive (co-)management based on a literature review of the (water) governance literature. The adaptive (co-)management literature contains four institutional prescriptions: collaboration in a polycentric governance system, public participation, an experimental approach to resource management, and management at the bioregional scale. These prescriptions largely resonate with the theoretical and empirical insights embedded in the (water) governance literature. However, this literature also predicts various problems. In particular, attention is called to the complexities associated with participation and collaboration, the difficulty of experimenting in a real-world setting, and the politicized nature...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Adaptive governance; Bioregional perspective; Experimentation; Polycentric governance; Public participation; Water management.
Ano: 2009
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Bringing Biophysical Models into the Economic Laboratory: An Experimental Analysis of Sediment Trading in Australia AgEcon
Tisdell, John G..
Experimental economics has emerged and matured as a formal method for questioning and stress testing economic theory and assumptions concerning individual behavior. More recently, experimental methods have been used successfully in an economic laboratory to test alternative environmental policy options. The data underpinning these experiments is often stylized or hypothetical in nature. Ecologists and experimental economics have much to gain by exploring ways to underpin economic experiments with data generated from biophysical models in terms of external validity and salient features of the issue at hand. The study makes a contribution by demonstrating how underpinning experiments with regionally modeled biophysical data may give insights which would not...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Sediment trading; EMSS; Natural resource markets; Experimentation; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25631
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Compte-rendu de la campagne OBSERVHAL98 - Observations à finalité halieutique ArchiMer
Latrouite, Daniel.
The scientific cruise Observhal98 took place in Biscay Bay, May 14 to June 6, 1998, with the submersible Nautile operated from the research vessel Nadir. The goal was to make direct underwater observations on fishes and invertebrates of commercial interest, on the environment in which they live and on the impact of fishing gears. A total of 22 dives, 2 to 5 hours long have been operated, ten by depth 1800 to 1000 m, three by 500 to 200 m, seven by 80 to 200 m and two in the water column. An in situ technic have been developped and operated from the submarine, with the aim of studying the growth scheme of deep water fishes. Specimen of Hoplostethus atlanticus and Trachyscorpia cristualata have been caught, anesthetised, injected with vital coloring and...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Halieutique; Nautile; Plongée; Sous marin; Expérimentation; Observation; Fisheries; Nautile; Dive; Submarine; Experimentation; Observation.
Ano: 1999 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/rapport-920.pdf
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Developing a mixed solar drier for improved postharvest handling of food grains CIGR Journal
DHANDE, HIMANSHU KISHOR; SHELARE, SAGAR DNYANESHWAR; KHOPE, PRAVIN BALKRUSHNAJI.
Drying of grain is usually achieved by spreading grains on earth for solar radiation. This technique is moderate, but being unsecured from a downpour, dust, invasion of bugs, rodents, and distinct animals, items might be severely degraded to the degree that occasionally becomes contaminated and issued loss of nourishment excellence. To defeat this, solar drying is the greatest assuring technique for the protection of agricultural commodities. In the proposed research, the low-cost mixed-mode solar dryer was developed (Workshop of Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India) using locally accessible, environmentally friendly materials, and the performance was evaluated. The solar dryer was developed using the components like a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Solar drying; Mixed-mode; Grains; Performance evaluation; Experimentation; Postharvest drying.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/6049
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Estimation of optimum plot sizes in field experiments with annatto Bragantia
Viana,Anselmo Eloy Silveira; São José,Abel Rebouças; Matsumoto,Sylvana Naomi; Sales-Júnior,Sálvio Gusmão.
The objective of this study was to estimate the optimum plots size for experiments with annatto. The uniformity assay consisted of 12 rows with 12 plants in each row. The variety Bico de Pato was used, planted in 5 x 4 m spacing and evaluated at 5 years of age. Three methods were used: maximum curvature, modified maximum curvature and the comparison of variances. The plot size estimate varied according to the methodology used and the characteristic analyzed. The adequate plot size was found to be 107.2 m² (5 plants) using the modified maximum curvature method, which resulted in more precise estimates , taking into consideration that the ideal plot should facilitate the efficient evaluation of all characteristics analyzed in this experiment.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bixa orellana L.; Coefficient of variation; Variance; Maximum curvature method; Experimentation.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052002000200011
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Etude numérique du train de pêche d'un chalutier (DEA) ArchiMer
Theret, Francois.
IFREMER aims at digitalizing trawl gear in order to reach two goals: on the one hand, participating in the realisation of a computer assisted trawl conception software; on the other hand, being able to study quickly and easily the influence of different adjustment parameters on the shape of the trawl in order to indicate to the skipper, if possible in real time, the optimal adjustment for the conditions he's in. From an international point of view, there are only two strategies to approach this problem: - the first strategy is based on statistical studies on the existing nets (almost limited to their reproduction on different scales), but this approach does not leave much room for innovation as it can only be applied to the same type of nets as those that...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Experimentation; Optimization; Adjustment; Hydrodynamic; Modelization; Trawl gear; Trawl; Expérimentation; Maquette de chalut; Optimisation; Réglage; Hydrodynamique; Modèle numérique; Train de pêche; Chalut.
Ano: 1990 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/these-3627.pdf
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Evaluation de la pollution par les detergents anioniques en cinq zones du littoral français ArchiMer
Cossa, Daniel.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Experimentation; Anionic detergents; Coastal zone; Marine pollution.
Ano: 1973 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1973/publication-2156.pdf
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Food in the Sea: Size Also Matters for Pelagic Fish ArchiMer
Queiros, Quentin; Fromentin, Jean-marc; Gasset, Eric; Dutto, Gilbert; Huiban, Camille; Metral, Luisa; Leclerc, Lina; Schull, Quentin; Mckenzie, David; Saraux, Claire.
Small pelagic fish are key components of marine ecosystems and fisheries worldwide. Despite the absence of recruitment failure and overfishing, pelagic fisheries have been in crisis for a decade in the Western Mediterranean Sea because of a marked decline in sardine size and condition. This situation most probably results from bottom-up control and changes in the plankton community toward smaller plankton. To understand such an unusual phenomenon, we developed an original and innovative experimental approach investigating the mechanisms induced by a reduction in the quantity and size of sardine prey. While experimentations offer the unique opportunity to integrate behavior and ecophysiology in understanding key demographic processes, they remain rarely...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Experimentation; Small pelagics; Sardina pilchardus; Body condition; Bottom-up control.
Ano: 2019 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00505/61669/65585.pdf
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Fragmentation: Is the Message Clear? Ecology and Society
Bissonette, John A; Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, U.S. Geological Survey; john.bissonette@cnr.usu.edu; Storch, Ilse; Wildlife Research and Management Unit, Technical University of Munich and Max Pl; ilse.storch@t-online.de.
In this paper, we briefly discuss some of the fundamental problems arising from the inherent complexity of larger-scale ecological systems. We examine the tenuous assumption of a direct correspondence between ecological data and theory, we comment on a recent report that evaluated the efficacy of fragmentation experiments, and we briefly assess its implications for ecological research and conservation practice on the landscape scale.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Conservation; Experimentation; Fragmentation studies; Landscape ecology.
Ano: 2002
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GENETIC INFORMATION IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AgEcon
Hennessy, David A.; Miranowski, John A.; Babcock, Bruce A..
A prominent facet of recent changes in agriculture has been the advent of precision breeding techniques. Another has been an increase in the level of information inputs and outputs associated with agricultural production. This paper identifies ways in which these features may complement in expanding the variety of processed products, the level of productivity, and the rate of change in productivity. Using a martingale concept of "more information," we identify conditions under which more information increases the incentives to invest and engage in product differentiation. A theory on how genetic uniformity can enhance the rate of learning through process experimentation, and so the rate of technical change, is also developed.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Experimentation; Genetics; Information; Martingale; Sorting; Uniformity; Value added; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18598
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Integrating adaptive governance and participatory multicriteria methods: a framework for climate adaptation governance Ecology and Society
Munaretto, Stefania; Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), VU University Amsterdam; stefania.munaretto@vu.nl; Siciliano, Giuseppina; Centre for Development, Environment and Policy (CeDEP), School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London; giuseppina.siciliano@gmail.com; Turvani, Margherita E.; Department of Design and Planning in Complex Environments, University IUAV of Venice; margheri@iuav.it.
Climate adaptation is a dynamic social and institutional process where the governance dimension is receiving growing attention. Adaptive governance is an approach that promises to reduce uncertainty by improving the knowledge base for decision making. As uncertainty is an inherent feature of climate adaptation, adaptive governance seems to be a promising approach for improving climate adaptation governance. However, the adaptive governance literature has so far paid little attention to decision-making tools and methods, and the literature on the governance of adaptation is in its infancy in this regard. We argue that climate adaptation governance would benefit from systematic and yet flexible decision-making tools and methods such as participatory...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Climate change; Decision-making tools; Experimentation; Learning; Participation.
Ano: 2014
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Introduction to the Special Feature: Adaptive Management - Scientifically Sound, Socially Challenged? Ecology and Society
Johnson, Barry L; USGS, Upper Midwest Enviromental Sciences Center; barry_johnson@usgs.gov.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Decision making; Ecosystem management; Experimentation; Flexibility; Implementation; Management agencies; Resources; Risk; Social aspects; Special feature; Stakeholders..
Ano: 1999
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Modelisation analytique et caracterisation experimentale du comportement de cables synthetiques ArchiMer
Ghoreishi, Reza.
Cables are in general structural elements with the ability to support the axial load and the relatively light tautness of torsion and flexion. There are, in the literature, several studies concerning metallic cables, and references characteristic of synthetic cables that interest us. And yet the mechanical behaviour of synthetic cables is still poorly understood. These studies include two parts: Development of a mechanical behaviour model of the cable and model validation via tests at scale 1. These cables are characterised by a hierarchical structure, whence the serial use of two scale-transition models in order to pass from the behaviour of fibre to that of cable. The complexity of this geometry points the modelling in the direction of analytical...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Testing; Correlation model; Experimentation; Analytical model; Axial load; Synthetic cable; Corrélation modèle/essai; Expérience; Modèle analytique; Comportement axial; Câble synthétique.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/these-2492.pdf
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Modélisation de la dynamique du microphytobenthos des vasières intertidales du bassin de Marennes-Oléron. Effets des synchroniseurs physiques sur la régulation de la production ArchiMer
Guarini, Jean-marc.
The study aimed at quantifying the spatio-temporal evolution of microphytobenthic biomass in intertidal mudflats of Marennes-Oléron Bay. To reach this goal, a dynamic model has been proposed, including processes of primary production, active migration of epipelic diatoms and biomass lasses due to mortalities on one hand and resuspension in the water column during submersion on the other hand. The spatialisation is given by a hydrodynamic madel which calculates the water height everywhere. The photic environment of microphytobenthos is described in a discrete way, by means of two layers: the biofilm of epipelic algae « S »on the top of the sediment and the fust centimeter of the mud « F ». The endogenous vertical migration rhythm of epipelic algae controls...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Microphytobenthos; Vasière intetidale; Modélisation; Dynamique de la biomasse; Expérimentation; Ecophysiologie; Couplage physique/biologie; Microphytobenthos; Intertidal mudflat; Modelling; Dynamics of the biomass; Experimentation; Ecophysiology; Physics/biology coupling.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00439/55029/56462.pdf
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Primeiros resultados experimentais sobre variedades de arroz, obtidos na Estação Experimental de Pedreiras- MA. Infoteca-e
ANDRADE, S.; LIBONATI, V. F..
bitstream/item/69202/1/IAN-Circular6-p35.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E) Palavras-chave: Cultivar; Experimento; Pedreiras; Maranhão; Brasil; Variety; Experimentation; Yield.; Arroz; Produtividade.; Rice..
Ano: 1962 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/375628
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Recomendações para experimentos com fertilizantes. Infoteca-e
PONTE, N. T. da.
bitstream/item/227377/1/Recomendacoes-para-experimentos.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E) Palavras-chave: Experimento; Experimentation; Fertilizer; Adubação.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/378755
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WILLINGNESS TO PLANT IDENTITY PRESERVED CROPS: THE CASE OF MISSISSIPPI SOYBEANS AgEcon
Hudson, Darren; Jones, Tom.
The willingness to plant identity preserved (IP) crops was examined using Mississippi soybean producers as an example. A contingent valuation framework was used to assess the impacts of offered premiums on a producer's probability of planting IP soybeans. Findings suggest that offered premiums significantly affect planting decisions. In addition, desire to learn more about IP production was found to increase the probability of planting, suggesting that desire to learn leads to experimentation. Finally, prior knowledge or experience planting IP crops significantly decreased the probability of planting.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Identity preservation; Soybeans; Contingent valuation; Experimentation; Logit; Probit; Crop Production/Industries; Q13; Q16.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15444
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